Python 与 Node.js 跨平台脚本

这个专题从主手册迁移 Python 和 Node.js 跨平台脚本示例，用于系统信息收集、文件遍历和跨平台路径处理。

Python 系统信息收集

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import json
import os
import platform
import subprocess
import sys
from datetime import datetime

def get_system_info():
    return {
        "timestamp": datetime.now().isoformat(),
        "system": {
            "os": platform.system(),
            "os_version": platform.version(),
            "architecture": platform.architecture(),
            "machine": platform.machine(),
            "processor": platform.processor(),
            "hostname": platform.node(),
        },
        "python": {
            "version": sys.version,
            "implementation": platform.python_implementation(),
            "compiler": platform.python_compiler(),
            "executable": sys.executable,
        },
        "environment": dict(os.environ),
    }

def run_command(cmd, shell=True):
    try:
        result = subprocess.run(
            cmd,
            shell=shell,
            capture_output=True,
            text=True,
            timeout=30,
        )
        return {
            "success": result.returncode == 0,
            "returncode": result.returncode,
            "stdout": result.stdout.strip(),
            "stderr": result.stderr.strip(),
        }
    except Exception as exc:
        return {"success": False, "error": str(exc)}

def main():
    info = get_system_info()
    print(f"OS: {info['system']['os']} {info['system']['os_version']}")
    print(f"Hostname: {info['system']['hostname']}")
    print(f"Architecture: {info['system']['architecture'][0]}")
    print(f"Python: {info['python']['version'].split()[0]}")

    with open("system_info.json", "w", encoding="utf-8") as file:
        json.dump(info, file, indent=2, ensure_ascii=False)

    print("Saved to system_info.json")
    return 0

if __name__ == "__main__":
    sys.exit(main())

安全提醒: 环境变量可能包含敏感信息，公开报告前需要脱敏。

Node.js 文件扫描

#!/usr/bin/env node

const fs = require('fs');
const path = require('path');
const os = require('os');

function formatBytes(bytes) {
  if (bytes === 0) return '0 Bytes';
  const k = 1024;
  const sizes = ['Bytes', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB'];
  const i = Math.floor(Math.log(bytes) / Math.log(k));
  return `${Math.round((bytes / Math.pow(k, i)) * 100) / 100} ${sizes[i]}`;
}

function walkDir(dir, callback) {
  const files = fs.readdirSync(dir);
  for (const file of files) {
    const fullPath = path.join(dir, file);
    const stat = fs.statSync(fullPath);
    if (stat.isDirectory()) {
      walkDir(fullPath, callback);
    } else {
      callback(fullPath, stat);
    }
  }
}

console.log('System information:');
console.log(`  OS: ${os.type()} ${os.release()}`);
console.log(`  Arch: ${os.arch()}`);
console.log(`  Hostname: ${os.hostname()}`);
console.log(`  CPU cores: ${os.cpus().length}`);
console.log(`  Memory: ${formatBytes(os.totalmem())}`);

const currentDir = process.cwd();
const largeFiles = [];

walkDir(currentDir, (filePath, stat) => {
  if (stat.size > 1024 * 1024) {
    largeFiles.push({
      path: filePath,
      size: stat.size,
      sizeFormatted: formatBytes(stat.size),
    });
  }
});

largeFiles.sort((a, b) => b.size - a.size);
largeFiles.slice(0, 10).forEach((file, index) => {
  console.log(`${index + 1}. ${file.sizeFormatted} - ${path.relative(currentDir, file.path)}`);
});

跨平台路径建议

• Python 使用 pathlib.Path。
• Node.js 使用 path.join。
• PowerShell 使用 Join-Path。
• 不要在脚本里硬编码 / 或 \。

常用工具推荐

工具	描述	Windows	Linux	macOS
Git	版本控制	Yes	Yes	Yes
VS Code	代码编辑器	Yes	Yes	Yes
Docker	容器化	Yes	Yes	Yes
Node.js	JavaScript 运行时	Yes	Yes	Yes
Python	编程语言	Yes	Yes	Yes
curl	HTTP 客户端	Yes	Yes	Yes
jq	JSON 处理	Yes	Yes	Yes
fzf	模糊查找	Yes	Yes	Yes
ripgrep	快速搜索	Yes	Yes	Yes
fd	快速文件查找	Yes	Yes	Yes